Carbureter.



l. VR. )OHNSON CRBURETER.

APPLICATION mio 061.12. 19m.

1,204,029. jp, l Psitenef Novu MG.

'STATES ijirnivr '.oFFicE.

Jorrit n. JoHNsoN, 0F Los ANGELES; cAL'iFoRNIA.

CABBURETER.

To aZZfwhom t may concern: i Be it known that l.y JOHN R. JOHNSON, a citizen of-the United States, residing at .Los Angeles, in the county ofLos Angeles,

State'of California, have invented new and useful Improvements vin rCaibureters, ot'

which the following` is a' specification. 1

This invention :relates to improvement-s incarbureters, and particularly to improvements in carbureters of the class ink which there is a primary air inlet the air from which acts directly upon the liquid' fuel supply,and an auxiliary-- air inlet the air from which mixes with the carbureted air from the primary air inlet; and the inven-V tion consists 1n certain particulars and comy binations ashereinafter pointed out.

There are several and particular features of my invention to which I wish to call atten ion, among which are: `(1) the peculiar relation of the carbureting deviceV With theair inlet nozzle and liquid fuel valve, andthe auxiliary air inlet which'supplies air as the `suction becomesv greater. when the engine vis running at higher Speed; (2) the combinationjwith the aforesaid partsof a vmixer which has a peculiar4 1-tionswithin a small spacer-.is smallyand function in cooperation therewith.;

novelineansfor automaticallyv adjust-ing the opening of the liquid fuel valve to supply the properamonnt of Vliquid fuel at whatever speed the air is being drawn through Vthe carbureter;v (4) simple means for raising the valve to flood the .carbureter for a rich mixture when starting; and (5)l the general arrangement and combination of.

the variousparts adaptinj this carbiireter particularly to the use of heavy fuel.;

My carbureter designed primarily to` use comparatively heavy fuel, 4such as engine distillate or stove distillate. without the necessity of heatingl the fuel. Itlis well known that greater efficiency can be had from aV cool` fuel than from a heatedone; and this is particularly true of heavy oil fuels.

all of the fuel., andlall of its heat value, into the engine-cylinders in su'clitorm that the combustion may ibecompletez and hi ghly eiiicie'nt. l i V It is also an object to provide a carburetor which is simple in design and construction and action; and which performsV its func- Y specification of Letier'sraient.

It isa particular object of. my invention. tok provide a carbureter which will carry PatentedNov. 7, 1916.

Application led October 12,1914. Se'rialNo. 866,248.

compact in comparisonfwith other carbuyreters. Y

I have vshown a preferred form of my carbiireter in the accompanying drawings; and

in the following specification I set forth the details of such preferred forni.

In said drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical sectionof my preferred form ofcarbnreter, Fig. 2 is an end elevationof the same, Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional Adetail taken as indicated by line 3,-3 of Fig. 2, Fig. 4 is -an enlarged detail. taken as indicated by line' of Fig. 1, Fig. is a .plan of my improved forni of mixer whiclifI use in my carbureter, and Fig. 6 is a section of the samer n f Y 'i i In the drawing the numeral/lmay designate generally ,a carbureting chamber which is preferably in the form of a verticarbureting chamber I provide the liquid '.uel reservoir 'fof -float chamber 11, containlng ayioat 1Q which slides on a vertical rod 13 and operates aA lfuel VValve 'la through the cal tube. as illustrated. At one side of thisl medium of lever 15. The level of "the fuel in ther float chamber 11 may be regulated as desired by regulatingthe position of the sleeve 12a carried by the float which slides on the rod 13. Frein the fipat chamber Il a fuel' inlet tubelG extends into the vcarbu-- reting tube-10.'the inner discharge end of the tube 1G being preferably central of the 1. The tube 1G lextends diagonally through one wall'of the nozzle 17,; and thepcurrent o r jet'oi"A air drawn upwardly through the nozzle ,passes around the liquid 'tube 16 and draws the liquid'fuel through that tube` by suction. I

The auxiliary air inlet comprises means for introducing air to the space l18. around the nozzle 17. I have shown a preferred 'the iio

form of thisinlet in the drawings. A. valve f -v20., of suitable size, normally seat l by.. a

spring 21. whose pressure is adjustable by adjusting screw 22. lVlien the valve 20 opens in a downward direction, air enters a chamber 28 and passes thence to the space 18 around the nozzle 17. The upwardly moving jet of air drawn through the nozzle V17 has an inductive action on the air in the space 18, inducing that air to travel up the outer portions of the carbureting tube 10 along with the central jet of carbureted air coming from the nozzle 17. Thus, I have a central jet of carbureted air and an exterior enveloping volume of pure air traveling upwardly together through the chamber 10. In order to cause the thorough mixing 'of these two bodies of v`air, I put the whole body of gases, or'praetically the whole body of gases, into a spiral motion as it passes up the tube 10. This spiral motion tendsto throw the carbureted air outwardly.; and the general agitation following causes la thorough mixing of the two bodies of air.

The feature and constructions of my invehtion which make possible this mode of actionare features to which I particularly call attention. My preferred means of causing spiral motion of the air isshown, in Figs. 1.I 5 and 6. I employ mixers embodying a `diaphragm 30 which has a central portion or hub 31 about which are arranged a number of radial stationary fan blades 32. These fan blades cause the spiral rotation of 'the outerl portions of the air passing upwardly through the mixing tube 10. The

central or hub portionl of the diaphragm has a central opening 33 whichV passes a central jet of air through the fan diaphragm. I preferably use a number' of mixers, showing three above the nozzle 1 7 and one below it in my preferred arrangement. These mixers all preferably rotate the gas in the same direction. I have set forth the peculiar advantages of my specific form of mixer in an accompanying application S. N. 866,249, tiled Oct. 12th. 1914; but in so far as the diaphragms accomplish spiral or ro tary movement of the "arl'ulreted air, they enter into present combinationspecifically by entering into the action heretofore described. said action including the formation of an intrgjior jet ot carbnreted air, an exterior envelop ot' pure aii, and the rotary or spiral wmovement ot' the two bodies of air to cause their thorough mixture.

The tiow of fuel througlrtlie fuel tube 16 is controlled by a suitable needle valve 40. This needle valve has a stern 4.0:L extending out through the body of the earbureterto its exterior and carries'a cam disk 41 screw tl'ireadedly adjustable on the stenl 40, a lock nut 42 being provided for locking the cam disk 41 in any desired location. A flat spring 42 normally presses the. needle valve toward the closed position; and the minimum opening to which the needle valve may be forced by spring 42 is regulated b i regulating the 'position of the disk 41 on the stem 40. On the under side of the cam disk 41 there is a cam member 43 formed of a piece of spring metalsecured at'one end at 44 to the cam disk, the other end of the member 43 being depressed b v` an adjusting screw 44 as illustrated. A stationary pin 45 is set in the body and its outer end bears upwardly against the cam member 415. Depending upon the angle to which. the member 43 is adjusted, the cam disk y41 a'nd the needle valve 40 will beraised and lowered by rotation of the cam disk. Rotation of the cam disk is effected in cooperation with opening and closing of the throttle 46. The

lthrottle 46 is mounted upon a. shaft 47 and Vthe. member 43. bearing upon the pin 45to raise the disk 41 and with it to raise the needle valve 40 and open the diseharge'of the fluid tube 16.

In order to provide a comparatively heavy charge of fuel when starting, I have provided a movable 'pin which may be raised against the cam disk 4l Lo open the fuel inletfvalve while the engine is being started. The lower inner end of this pin may "rest on a cam 56 formed in a short stud shaft 57 carrying an arm 58 at its outer end. A connecting rod or wire 59 may afford means for moving this shaft 57 to raise the pin 55 and thus to open the fuel inlet valve to supply a comparatively large amount of fuel on the first few suction strokes of the engine. Then theenginc is being started, oris running at low speed, air is only drawn through the nozzle 17. or is drawn through the valve 20 in very small quantities. The pressure of spring 21. is adjusted so that, as the speed and the suction .of the enginejincrease, the valve 20 willl ,open to supply the necessary amount of air: Of course, as the speed and suction increase. the amount of airdrawn through th, nozzle V17 will also increase, butnot in so great a ratio as the amount of air drawn through the valve 20 will increase. In order to cut down the amount of air drawn through the carbureter when the engine is being started, I may use a cap 60 which may be thrown loosely against the ring or collar 61 at the lower end of the carbureting tube 10', to approximately close the opening therein and to greatly restrict the amount of air passing through the carbureting tube. I may use this provision in combination with the mechanism forwraising the needle .valve 40 by hand, or I may use either ot' themseparately; but I prefer to use. by itself the mechanism for raising' the needle valve to increase the flou' ot' liquid fuel. without rutv 5 ting down the amount ot air whirh n ay 4pass through the nozzle 1T. y

lt will be understood that my invention is not limited to thedetails ot construction herein Set forth; they ma)v be varied aetiording' to knowledge eonnnon to the art ot'carbureters.

Having described my invention. ,l claim: l. A. earbureter of the class described, comprising a vertical earburetmgY tube.-a

primary air inlet en'lbodying a nozzle of less dian'ieter'than the tube 'projecting upwardly into its lower end so that there 'is an annular space arounclthe nozzle in tlieflower end of the ca rbureting tube, fuel inlet means em- `o bodying a fuel inlet tube extending diago- 9.5 inlet means for admitting ail-"to the hQpaee around the. nozzle, a throttle across the. car'- blln'eting tube above the nozzle, and moana whereby movement ofthe. throttle. causes oooperative movement of the needle va'lve to 3l) vary the discharge ot fuel from the fuel' inlet tube. f

2. A carbureter ot the class defaeribed, coinl'n-isinf,r a verticalcarbureting tube', a primary air inlet embodying a nozzle of less 5 diameter than the tube projecting upwardly into its lower end so that 'there is 'an annular space around the nozzle in the lower end ot the earhuretingif tube, t'uel inlet means embodying a rtuel inlet tube extending dingo- 40 nally lunvardly and across the oarbureting f BEST'AVNLABLE cori.

means 'ifolmovnt' said needle valve to enea yair to the spaee around the nozzle. and

mea'naI i'or raue-ine' agilationfoi' the stream of air drawn through the earluiretin 1l chamber.

l. l\ carburetor ,of the vlas describech eomprising a vlertieal earlmreting tube. a primary air'inlet at the bottom o'l the tube embodying a nozzle roneentrie with and p`ro ieetinf r up into the lower end ol the tube,

-the nozzle beine' smaller than the tube so that there is an annular space in the lower part otthe tuhe around the nozzle.. fuel 1n-A let means discharging centrally at the upper end ot tbe nozzle. said meanal eililmlvirnr a:

fuel nozzle projecting diagonally upwardly and across the nozzle to the center o its yupper ond. an 'auxiliary air inlet means ad mitting air to the space around t-lienozzle.

5. ln earbureters. a earburetingand mix;-

1 ing tube. aA primary air inlet at the bottom tube to ajpointat the, center ot' the upper 'end of the nozzle` a needle valve to control ldischarge ot -fuel troni said tubo, auxiliary air inlet means 'Ior admittinglr air to the spare around the nozzle. aV throttle aeross'the earbl'lretingtube. above. the nozzle, and means: hereby movement ot' the throttle museel cooperative movenmnt, oi the, needle valve to vary. the diseharge ot' fuel trom the fuel inlet tube. and manually operable ot' the tube mnluulvingr a convergent nozzle projeoting up into the tube being' of smaller diameter than the tube so as to leave an nular space around the nozzle within tube` an auxiliarv air inlet means tor admitting' airv toy the annular space surroundingthe nozzleaand a tuel inlet. means embodying a iuel nozzle projecting diagonally acrohsand upwardly through theY upperpart ot' the air nozzle `to the renter' o'l its upper end, and a valve stem cooperatingwith the fuel nozzle. projecting diagonali)Y (lowlrF wai-diy and across above the upper 'end oi? the air-.nozzle iln line with -the iuel nozzle.

Iirwitnelssi that l claim the foregoing ,I

have hereunto Subscribedvmy name this 5th an- A the] 

